![]() Fukuyama turns this approach upside down in this work. Political science has a long tradition of scholars who emphasize civic society. The second major theme of The End of History is personal dignity and identity. But it does not deny there is a path toward perfection. The second work helps explain why some democracies fail to govern adequately. The first work breaks down political modernization into three components which culminate in representative liberal democracy. But it feels like the realization of his dream to provide an historical account of politics. His two-volume work on political order, Origins of Political Order and Political Order and Political Decay, is his most important work. It sets the stage for all his future work. This work largely defines Francis Fukuyama. There was extreme confidence during the third wave of democratization just as there is extreme pessimism during the current democratic recession. In effect, the consolidation of liberal democracy brought about the final form of political governance. Fukuyama reoriented this theory so that liberal democracy became the culmination of history. Marx predicted a communist utopia would emerge from the end of history. He meant an end of history in a philosophic sense. But Fukuyama never made an apocalyptic prediction. Sometimes people have used the title to belittle the ideas of the book. It is wrong to ridicule Francis Fukuyama’s End of History and the Last Man. ![]()
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